Motocross History
Motocross, known as "scramble" when it was "invented" in the 20s, developed quickly in the 30s. After the war, the FIM elevated this sport at international level by giving birth to the Motocross des Nations, a classic event which has been run annually ever since, with 500cc motorcycles.
The inaugural event was held near The Hague, in the Netherlands, on 20 July 1947. Three nations were invited – the Netherlands, Belgium and Great Britain. The first team title went to Great Britain, composed of Bill Nicholson (BSA), Fred Rist (BSA) and Bob Ray (Ariel) in front of Belgium.
The second "Nations" contest took place in August 1948 in La Fraineuse, close to the Belgian city of Spa. National federations of France, Sweden and Luxembourg were also invited for an event dominated by the local team. Nic Jansen, Marcel Cox and Andre Milhoux took first, second and fifth places, clinching the first Trophy for Belgium.
At the end of August 1949 it was the turn of Great Britain to host the event at Brands Hatch. Great Britain won the competition for the second time, thus keeping the Cup indefinitely. The ACU then donated another Cup for the competition’s winning team.
The Vice-President of the FIM International Sporting Commission Peter Chamberlain had always been a strong supporter of Motocross, and worked a great deal on behalf of the national teams’ competition. After he passed away in 1954, the cup was officially named after him.
In the 50s, the British dominance was quite strong: seven victories out of 10 in the Motocross des Nations before 1960. The only exceptions were the victories of Belgium in 1951 and Sweden in 1955 and 1958.
A competition for 250cc machines, named the Trophée des Nations, was created by the FIM as from the 1961 season. Victories in the first years were clinched by the Swedes after two initial successes for Great Britain.
In the 500cc team event Great Britain lost against Sweden in 1961/62, but then won five years in a row, reaching the number of 14 victories in 20 years, however their last win was in 1967 and it would take 27 years before they won again.
Motocross Race Battles in the 60s and 70s
In Kishinev – then in the Soviet Union – the Russian team took the Chamberlain Trophy for the first time. Then Belgium finally won again the Trophy in Farleigh Castle (1969) after chasing after it for 18 years, with legendary names such as Roger de Coster, Joel Robert and Sylvain Geboers.
The 70s saw a big change at the mechanical level, with the massive arrival of Japanese manufacturers. Suzuki started first, quickly followed by Yamaha, Honda and Kawasaki. The first years of the decade were shared between Sweden and Belgium.
In Sweden 1974, behind the local team, a US team appeared for the first time on the rostrum, in the second place, composed of Jim Pomeroy (Bultaco), Brad Lackey (Husqvarna), Marty Tripes (Husqvarna) and Jimmy Weinert (Kawasaki), just ahead of the Russian squad (with 250cc World Champion Guennady Moisseev).
In 1975 in Czechoslovakia, the local team finished ahead of Belgium – despite the presence of three World Champions, Roger de Coster, Harry Everts and Gaston Rahier – and Great Britain. Two wins of the Belgian team preceded the second victory of a Russian team.
In the Trophée des Nations contest, Belgium conquered all titles except one (Russia in 1979) as of 1969 until 1980. In the Motocross des Nations Belgium again won two titles (79, 80) before the American domination became effective. Having missed both events in the two previous years, the American team arrived at Lommel in Belgium in September 1981 for the Trophée des Nations with four Honda riders.
The team manager was former World Champion Roger De Coster – who had just quit racing the previous year. Danny Laporte, Chuck Sun, Johnny O’Mara and Donnie Hansen destroyed the opposition, and one week later won again in the Motocross des Nations in Bielstein, Germany.
Changes were made in the team from one year to the next, but it did not change anything. The American field was full of top riders during the 80s, and De Coster’s team got eight victories (four in each team competition) in four years.
In 1980 the FIM decided to introduce a third Motocross team contest with 125cc motorcycles: the Coupe des Nations. The Italian team led by Michele Rinaldi won the first two titles, followed by Belgium (with Eric Geboers) and the Netherlands (with Kees Van der Ven and John Van de Berk).
1985: New MX Racing Format
In 1985 a new format combining all three classes (125cc, 250cc and 500cc) in a single competition, the Motocross des Nations, was introduced by the FIM, with one rider in each class and three races per event: 125/500, 125/250, 250/500.
However, nothing could stop the Americans until 1994, after 17 consecutive victories (13 in the Motocross des Nations, and the last four of the Trophée des Nations). Great Britain meets success again in Roggenburg, Switzerland, with Kurt Nicoll, Rob Herring and Paul Malin.
The American team always integrated world-recognised top riders. Danny "Magoo" Chandler won all four heats in the team contests in 1982, but perhaps the greatest win of all came at Maggiora in 1986 when America’s trio of David Bailey, Ricky Johnson and Johnny O’Mara went through all three heats unbeaten by the rest of the world.
After Great Britain’s win in 1994, it was the turn of Belgium to be back at the top of the competition in 1995 with Stefan Everts, Joel Smets and Marnicq Bervoets. But the Americans were still there. In ‘96 in Jerez, the team driven by multi-champion Jeremy McGrath beat the French and Belgian teams.
Then, the US team would be off the rostrum for three consecutive years: two Belgian wins – at home in Nismes, then under the rain and in the mud of Foxhill – were followed by the first crown for Italy (with World Champions Andrea Bartolini and Alessio Chiodi, and also Claudio Federici), in 1999 in Brazil, ahead of France and Belgium. Once again the Americans were back in 2000 in St Jean d’Angély, led by their new top rider Ricky Carmichael.
Then the Americans did not take part in the event for two years. In Namur 2001, it was finally the turn of the French team to clinch their first victory (with David Vuillemin, Yves Demaria and Luigi Séguy), beating the Belgians on their home track. Italy won a perturbed 2002 edition.
In 2003 the name of the event in English was officially adopted. Belgium – still with the record holder in individual World titles Stefan Everts – won the competition that year in Zolder and in 2004 in Lierop, before the US team clinched five consecutive wins.
